About Quakerism

Discover Quakerism: Beliefs and Practices
Quakers are also known as the Religious Society of Friends, or simply ‘Friends’ (after Jesus saying “You are my friends if you do what I command you.” in John 15:14). There are about 300,000 Quakers (Friends) worldwide. The largest groupings are in Kenya, Britain, North America, and Bolivia, but they can be found on every continent.
The fundamental idea of Quakerism – articulated then and still central – is that there is something of God in everyone. It may be hard to see, but it is there. We have no standard definition of what we mean by ‘something of God’: we use metaphors like the light guiding us, or a sense of what is good and right. This idea is not unique, but for us it is the central idea.

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Quakers and Christianity
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Founding and Early Years (1640s-1660s)
– George Fox (1624-1691): Founder of Quakerism, had a vision on Pendle Hill in 1652, emphasizing direct experience of God and equality.
– Margaret Fell (1614-1702): Organizational genius, helped establish Quakers as a national movement, and presented the Quaker peace testimony to King Charles II in 1661.
Abolition and Social Justice (1680s-1860s)
– William Penn (1644-1718): Acquired land in the American colonies, guaranteed religious liberty, and extended friendly relations to Native Americans.
– John Woolman (1720-1772): Published “Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes” (1754), traveled to encourage Friends to free slaves.
– Elizabeth Fry (1780-1845): Pioneered prison reform work at Newgate Prison (1813).
– Levi Coffin (1798-1877): Sent the first freedom seekers north via the “Quaker Line” of the Underground Railroad.
Quaker Schisms and Reunification (1820s-1960s)
– Hicksite Separation (1827-1828): Quakers split into “Hicksite” and “Orthodox” groups due to differences in doctrine and practice.
– Reunification (1945-1968): East Coast Friends of the Orthodox branch reunited with their Hicksite neighbours, forming United Yearly Meetings.
Modern Developments (1970s-present)
– Programmed Meetings: Typically follow a structured format with a pastor or minister leading the service.
– Non-Programmed Meetings: Characterized by silent worship, waiting for the Spirit to move individuals to speak or act.
Current Quaker Meetings
– Friends United Meeting: A global association of Quakers with a presence in East Africa, established in 1902.
– Evangelical Friends: Groups in the United States formed an association in 1956, emphasizing evangelical theology.
– Quaker Service Committees: Established for war relief, peacebuilding, and social justice work, including the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), which received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947 ¹.

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George Fox 1624 – 1691 and Quaker Beliefs and Practice
Types of Quakerism Worship
Non-programmed
Programmed

Our faith
What We Believe
Peace
Quakers are perhaps best known for our peace testimony, which comes from our belief that love is at the centre of existence and all humans are equal in God’s eyes. It has led Quakers to refuse military service and become involved in a variety of peace activities. These range from practical work in areas affected by violent conflict to developing alternatives to violence at all levels – from the personal to the international.
Equality
Quakers believe everyone is equal. This means working to change the systems that cause injustice and hinder true community. It also means working with people who suffer injustice, such as prisoners and asylum seekers. This testimony led us to campaign for marriage equality.
Truth and Integrity
Quakers try to live according to the deepest truth we know, which we believe comes from God. This means speaking the truth to all, including people in positions of power. As we are guided by integrity, so we expect to see it in public life.
Simplicity and Sustainability
Quakers are concerned about the excesses and unfairness of our consumer society and the unsustainable use of natural resources. We try to live simply and to find space for the things that really matter: the people around us, the natural world, our experience of God.
Our faith
The core of Quakerism
At the onset it is necessary to restate the core of Quakerism and the various practices and testimonies associated with it, although Quakerism is not non- credal. Perhaps a recent rendition by the Pacific Yearly Meeting is as good as any.
‘’Our corporate search for God’s word in the meeting for worship is the heart of the Quaker Meeting. The religious practices of Friends are founded in direct communion with God and the conviction that the Divine Light is accessible to all; yet it is one Light, one Truth. We wait with hearts and minds open to the Divine so that the truth will be made known among us.
‘’We believe that God, the Light, the Truth, is in each of us and in all creation. We say there is that of God in every one.’’ Truth is continually revealed to us, often through a gathered mystical experience. We can know it by experience.
‘’We work to develop a relationship between the individual and the corporate body that allows leading and inspiration to be tested within the Meeting, so that all may be sure it is God’s Light we follow. In this unity Friends find order and peace in reconciling individual inspiration and corporate wisdom, enabling us to choose right courses of action.
As God is revealed to us individually and corporately, we are guided in the right living of our lives. All of our practices as Friends flow from our faith in the revealed truth; our care for each other, our governing processes, our testimonies to the whole world. The test of the truth is not in the degree to which it conforms to dogma, but in its power to transform our lives and lives of others.
We are a religious tradition rooted in Christianity and the centrality of the teachings of Jesus. As a community of seekers, we must that truth is not identical to the metaphors which lead us to it, or to the language that expresses it. Rather it is our belief that the lived experience, spoken by our lives, is the universal manifestation of God.
“George Fox went on to claim” By following and obeying the light, man finds life, salvation and righteousness. Thus man can be saved from sin in this life: without pleading for sin, nor awaiting reprieve after death. By disobeying or ignoring the light, man is left in darkness
In addition to these notions (which would not be acceptable to all Quakers everywhere in the world) Quakers from the beginning were opposed to outward sacraments, Creeds, doctrine, and ‘’hireling ministry’’ (Fox). However, there have developed practices and behavioural codes which now form the central components of Quakerism. ( London Yearly Meeting).
For more information about Quakers www.quakerinfo.org/